SİVASIMIZIN TARİHÇESİ

[ssahinbay]

bu da ingilizce sivas ve eserler tarihi her dilde illede sivas


SİVAS
HISTORY
According to the written historical sources, the region of Sivas province was first inhabited during the period of the Hittite civilization by the beginning of BC 2000 and become an important settlement. The region then encountered the reign of Frigian, Lydian, Asurian, Roman, Byzantine, Seljukian, Danişment, ilhanlı, Eretna and Ottoman civilizations.
The foundations of the modern Turkish Republic was laid in the Sivas Congress assembled in 4 September 1919 at the presidency of Great Leader Atatürk and therefore the province of Sivas had become an important city for the History of the Turkish nation.



VİLLAGE MEALS
The meal varieties of the Sivas province mostly depend on the cereals. Keş, peskutan, çökelik are the meal varieties produced from the milk products.
In summer seasons ayranlı, pancarlı soup , madımak, evelik, düğürcek meal; in winters pastries as tırhıt, sübüra, kelecoş, tarhana, içli köfte, hıngel are consumed at the region. The Sivas kebab is also famous. The common bread varieties cooked locally are kül çöreği, fodla, kömbe cooked with potato or cheese, kete, lavaş and yufka.


RELIGIOUS MONUMENTS
Divriği Ulu Mosque: The Divriği Ulu Mosque, which is accepted to the list of World's Heritages List by UNESCO was constructed by monarch Ahmet Şah, son of Süleyman Şah in 1228. There are three gates to the mosque from northern, eastern and western directions which are adorned with beautiful stone masonry creations. The Darüşşifa building of the structure was constructed by the daughter of Behram Şah, Melike Turan Melek in 1228. This unique monument sits on an area of 768 m2. As the structure was transformed into a theological school in 18th century, the structure is also called as the Şifaiye Theological school.
Ulu Mosque (Center): The mosque is located inside the city center at the quarter mentioned with the same name. According to the inscription exhibited in the Sivas Museum, the mosque is a Seljukian Period creation which was constructed between dates 1196 - 1197 by the Scarlet Aslan bin İbrahim. The mosque is a typical and important sample of the Ulu Mosque style
which were constructed during the reign of State Governments in Anatolia. The structure was constructed from the shear stones and has a plain artisanship.
The mosque was repaired in 1212 when First Izzettin Keykavus times. Progressing of Mosqual place idea, this mosque has an important step. The mosque has a three enter to its court. It has a flated roof.This mosque is in Cuffe type catagory with its retrange plain. This mosque is one of the rarely seem kind of this catagory in the modern days.it had built when peole didn’t have an idea about dome.
Its minaret had built in first half of 13. century and it is in sortheast corner of the mosque. The minaret has brick kinitting and octagon figure.
Some rumor about Ulu Mosque:
A rumor says;
Before this mosque built, people had decided to built it in Gazhane area near of the station. But they hadn’t built. Because every day they had carried the all necesseries to bulding area but the found all necesseries at today’s area of mosque. This event continued during fourty days. In the last day, an old man seem and said you should build the mosque this area and explain how they can build it.an than he disappeared and not seem again. After old man, people had built the mosque today’s area. They thought this man can be only “Hızır”, so they sewed the first column on the area of Hızır seem.and this column name is Hızır column.
Second rumor is about this coulmn;
Inside of the mosque is so wide. There are three enter to mosque. The mosque never research its full capacity.Biggest crowds can’t fill the mosque.there are many columns in the mosque but Hızır column has a special importance. Everybody wants to sit next to the this column because they believes and says the divine light lands for this column.


Şeyh Hasan Bey Vault (Short Minaret): The structure is located in the city center. As the structure is founded on a square pedestal with cylindrical brick work and have a short minaret, it is called as the Short Minaret among the local folk.
The other mausoleums and mosques of the province are Ahi Emir Ahmet Mausoleum, Şemseddin Sivas-i Mausoleum, Akbaşbaba Mausoleum, Şeyh Erzurum-i Mausoleum, Kadı Burhaneddin Mausoleum, Süt Evliyası Mausoleum, Bum Baba Mausoleum, Arap Evliyası Mausoleum, Arap Şeyh Mausoleum, Meydan Mosque, Ali Ağa Mosque, Ali baba Mosque and Mausoleum, Sitte Melik Mausoleum, Kemareddin Mausoleum, Nureddin Salih (Kemankeş) Mausoleum in Divriği district, the Çepni Mosque in Gemerek, Kemenkeş Kara Mustafa Mosque and Bath and Şeyh Halil Mausoleum in Yıldızeli, Şeyh Merzuban Mausoleum in Zara.
Gök Thelogical Schools (Center): The theological school is located inside the city center, to the southeast of Sivas Castle. The theological school was constructed by the Grand Visier of the Anatolian Seljukian Principality and “Father of Pious Foundations” (Ebu'l Hayrat) Sahip Ata Fahreddin Ali in the year 1271 as the theological school in whichthe astrology science was teached. Because of the blue tiles on the double minarets rising above the corolla gates,the structure was called as the Gök Medrese (Sky Theological School). The corolla gate, which is one of the wonders of the plastic art contains a major light - shadow system because of the marble material used in construction. The fountain, the windows, the reinforcement towers and the double minaret located at the frontai side of the structure enhances the importance of the corolla gate.

Kale (Castle) Mosque (Center): The mosque is located at the citycenter. The structure was constructed by Mahmut Pasha who was the governor of Sivas and one of the viziers of III. Sultan Murat in 1580. With its plan arrangement, architecture style, decoration elements and thin, long and elegant minaret, the mosque is the most beautiful mosque of the city remained from the Ottoman period.

Main worship base has a square plan and above of had covered with a dome made from lead.. passing to dome is doing with twelwe corner and edge clasical lute and hexagon embroidary frame. Body walls of the mosque and clasical luted of embroidary frame had made from cutted rock. Niche of a mosque indicating the direction of Mecce and the mimber are from marble.
There is two rock in two sides of the mosque. One of these rocks has a hollow figure. These rocks show importance of helping in its made times. These rocks’ name are alms rock and lost rock.
Alms rock is under the minaret and it has a hollow figure. When these times, if a person want to give an alm, puts the alms into this rock. People always choose night times for this event. Poor people get their needed- only as mush as their need- from this rock.
Lost rock is east of the mosque court. Losted things are putted onto this rock. If a person lost a thing, can find it easly from this rock.


Çifte Minareli Medrese (Double Minaret Thelogical Schools) (Center): The structure is located at the citycenter. The structure has rectangular plan and only the frontal section and the minarets are still standing in the present day. The stcructure was constructed by the İlhanlı vizier Sahip Şemseddin Mehmet Cüveyni in 1271. The structure has the biggest portal among the other theological schools in Anatolia.

Divriği Ulu Mosque and Darüşşifa (Lunatic Asylum And Hospital) (Divriği): The structure complex of Ulu Mosque and Darüşşifa (Lunatic Asylum and Hospital) are located to the south of the Divriği Castle and they are contiguous structures. The complex was constructed by Ahmet Shah, son of the Monarch of the Mengüçoğulları, Süleyman Şah in 1228. According to the Architectural respect, the structure had been taken under protection on the basis of "Protection of the Cultural Inheritance of the World ". The best quality samples of the stonemasonry and woodcarving can be found in this mosque. The structure displays different properties than the Anatolian Seljukian art with its characteristics of architecture and decoration.

Kale (Castle) Mosque (Divriği): The mosque is located in the Divriği district. It was constructed in 1180 by Emir İshak, son of Süleyman Sha h. Although the structure has a rich external appereance, the interior section is plain.
This mosque is one of the oldest Turk building in Anatolia. And it have an important place in turkish building history. This mosque is near of the Divrigi Ulu Mosque and edge of the Calt Valley’s terrible clift.
Mosque gate has a great decoration. It is first crown gate of Anatolia. There is no resemble of this gate in Anatolia in the modern day.
Meydan Mosque: this mosque had built by Koca Hasan Pasha who is vizier of Lawer Sultan Suleyman.
It is a big mosque with its rectainge plain, wooden roof, and minaret. Body walls of the mosque is from cuted rock.
In the mosque court, there is tomb of Semsettin Sivasi.
Osman Pasha mosque: the mosque had built on an old church base. In modern day, the mosque has only minaret from the orginal built. This minaret had built in 1591 as mosque. Epitapt of old falled down mosque in west side and next to the entering gate.

[mafilou]

ssahinbay Nickli Üyeden Al?nt?

bu da ingilizce sivas ve eserler tarihi her dilde illede sivas

SİVAS
HISTORY
According to the written historical sources, the region of Sivas province was first inhabited.....entering gate.

Bu da ufak bir fransizca alinti:

GROUPE IX
SIVAS. — LA VILLE ET CERTAINES PARTIES DU VILAYET

Le vilayet de Sivas est situé exactement à l'Ouest, de celui d'Erzeroum. Il comprend le bassin supérieur de deux fleuves, — le Kizil-Irmak (Halys) sur les rives duquel s'élève la ville même de Sivas, et le Yéchil-Irmak, vers le Nord-Ouest et plus près de la Côte de la Mer Noire.

La province est moins montagneuse et beaucoup plus riche que sa voisine de l'Est. Son agriculture est florissante ; les bergers nomades y sont comparativement rares et il s'y trouve nombre de villes populeuses avec des manufactures locales naissantes.

La population rurale est en majorité turque, avec des enclaves grecques importantes, qui se sont maintenues depuis les premières invasions Seldjoukides jusqu'à nos jours : mais il y a aussi de nombreux villages arméniens ; et les Arméniens constituent, — ou constituaient avant le mois de juin 1915, — environ la moitié de la population urbaine. L'industrie et le commerce naissants étaient presque entièrement dus à l'initiative de ces Arméniens, qui s'étaient élevés au-dessus des autres comme éducation et civilisation, et avaient atteint le même niveau que les classes correspondantes commerciales et professionnelles de l'Europe Occidentale.

Cette communauté paisible, qui était en plein progrès, fut entièrement déracinée par le décret de déportation. Les villages furent vidés en juin ; la ville de Sivas subit sa première déportation le 5 juillet.


DOCUMENT 30

Sivas. Lettre (sans date) écrite de Malatia par Miss Mary L. Graffam, directrice de l'école supérieure des filles à Sivas à un correspondant de Constantinople ; reproduite par le « Missionary Herald » de Boston, décembre 1915.

DOCUMENT 31

Sivas. - compte rendu d'une interview donnée par le réfugié Mourad à M. A. S. Safrastian de Tiflis. Traduction de M. A. S. Safrastian.

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[AĞAOĞULLARI]

GELİŞEN SİVAS: Sivas ın zengin kültür mirasını ortaya çıkaran araştırma inceleme yapan yazarlara borcumuz olduğunu unutmayalım. Bu gün kü yetişen genç nesle Sivas tarihiyle ilgili geçmişe dönük zengin kaynak hazırlıyorlar. Bunu takdirle karşılamak gerek. Bizim gençlik yıllarımızda bu gibi yazarlar yok denecek kadar azdı. 1950 Yılları Sivas ın içine kapalı olduğu yıllardı ama yinede o yılların özlemini
çekiyorum. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesinin kuruluşundan sonra sosyal ve kültürel yapısında dışa açılmaya başlayan Sivas takdirle karşıladığımız Sivaslı araştırmacı yazarların azimli çabalarıyle geçmişe ait kültür varlıklarını gün ışığına çıkardılar. İstanbul da yaşayan bir Sivaslı olarak Sivas tarihi ile ilgili çıkan yayınları takip ediyorum. Bu eserleri zevkle okuyorum. Bu tür eserleri el emeği göz nuru dökerek meydana getiren yazarlara çok teşekkür ederiz. Sivas bir kültür şehridir. Şehir
çeşitli medeniyetlerin izlerini taşır. Gençlik yıllarım Sivas ın tozlu yollarında geçti.
Her sokagında her caddesinde hatıralarım var. Sivas ın eski güzelliğini ve özellığını özlüyorum. Bir konuya temas etmek istiyorum: Bağdat yolu üzerinde bulunan hanlar tam olarak gün ışığına çıkmadı. Sivastan başlayalım Tuzlahan,Serçehan, Ulaşhanı, Tecerhanı, Deliktaş Derbentliği hanı taşı dahi
kalmamış temellerini buldum.Kösrelihan bu hanın taşları kağnılarla çekilerek Sivasa taşınmış. Bu günkü ayakta duran hükümet konagının yapımında kullanılmış. Alacahan restore edilmiş ,Hasançelebi hanı yok olmuş.Bunlar Sivas
bölgesinin belli başlı Hanlarıdır. Deliktaş derbentliği hanı Alacahanla eş değerde bir handı taşından toprğından bir eser kalmamış. temellerini buldum çok geniş ve kapsamlı bir hanmiş 1765 Yıllarından 1910 Yıllarına kadar bölge halkına hızmet etmiş. Osmanlı arşivinden çıkardığım vesikalar detaylı bilgi vermektedir. Burada yolların güvenliğini sağlayan ve deliktaş bölgesinin emniyetini koruyan derbent ağalığı ünvanını taşıyan soydan kalan bir çok aile bulunmaktadır. Bu gün bunların soyadları farklıdır Ağaoğulları,Deliktaş, Tecer, Derbentoğlu, Erdoğdu, Yalçın, gibi soyadlar taşımaktadırlar. Deliktaş mezarlığında Deliktaş derbent ağalarından Salih ağanın mezarı bulunmaktadır 1830-1870 tarihini taşımaktadır ki bu tarihler yanlış olsa gerek .Aşık Ruhsati baz alındığında bu tarihin yanlış olduğu anlaşılıyor. Aşık Ruhsati ali ağaya ve onun oğlu Salih ağaya yıllarca hizmet vermiş. Biz dönelim konumuza Sivas ın yazlık sinemaları ,kışlık sinemaları, Parkları ,Bahçeleri, Hanları ,Hamamları, eski el sanatları başka idi. Şimdi bunları geçmişe dönük yayınlarda okuyoruz eski günleri hatırlıyoruz.
Sivasta çok döküman var bunların her biri bir kaynak. Sivasta genç kalemler
çıkmış farklı kalemlerden çıkan çıkan eserler Sivas ın sosyal ve kültürel yapısını
değiştirmiş. Bu Sivas için yeterli değil. Sivas ın kalkınmasında gelişmesinde yeni yetişen genç nesil bu görevi üslenmeli. Tarih ve kültür yönüyle Sivası geliştirmeli. Saygılar M. AĞAOĞULLARI.7/02/2010.